Risk Management Domain
The Risk Management domain represents the structured approach to identifying, assessing, mitigating, monitoring, and responding to risks across the organization. It provides a comprehensive framework for modeling risk profiles, assessment methodologies, control mechanisms, and response strategies.
Schema: risk-management.schema.json
Specification: JSON Schema Draft-07
Overview
What is the Risk Management Domain?
The Risk Management domain captures the uncertainty dimensions that affect organizational activities, enabling risk-centric analysis that drives strategic planning, operational resilience, and compliance management. The domain covers:
- Risk Profiles — Comprehensive views of specific risks
- Risk Assessments — Structured evaluation methodologies
- Risk Controls — Mechanisms to modify risk
- Risk Responses — Approaches to addressing risks
- Risk Monitoring — Ongoing observation and evaluation
This domain extends the Triodian Metamodel by providing deeper insights into risk factors, control effectiveness, and mitigation approaches.
Model Risk Management (MRM) Sub-domain
The Risk domain includes a Model Risk Management (MRM) sub-domain providing structured coverage of risks associated with model use in decision-making and regulatory reporting. MRM introduces elements for:
- Model governance and validation
- Performance monitoring and drift detection
- Regulatory framework mapping (SR 11-7, Basel, IFRS 9, CCAR)
Model records (profile, governance, validation, monitoring and regulatory framework mapping) follow their own schema, model-risk-management.schema.json, and are identified by modelID. A risk profile for model risk uses this domain's schema; the risk category list has no separate model value, so model risk is recorded as operational.
Purpose and Value
The Risk Management domain enables architects and planners to:
- Identify and categorize risks — Systematically capture risks impacting objectives
- Assess and prioritize — Evaluate risks based on likelihood and impact
- Implement controls — Develop appropriate mitigation strategies
- Monitor effectiveness — Track risk indicators and control performance
- Support decisions — Enable data-driven risk acceptance or reduction
- Drive resilience — Improve visibility into risk interdependencies
The Risk Management domain maps directly to data quality and governance:
- Risk Profile → Data quality risk /Security risk
- Risk Assessment → Data quality assessment
- Risk Control → Data quality rule /Validation check
- Risk Response → Remediation workflow
- Key Risk Indicator → Data quality metric /Alert threshold
Core Components
The Risk Management domain uses a comprehensive risk lifecycle:
- Risk Identification: Discovery and categorization
- Risk Assessment: Analysis of probability and impact
- Risk Response: Mitigation strategies and controls
- Risk Monitoring: Ongoing tracking and reporting
Domain Attributes
Risk Profile Attributes
| Attribute | Type | Description | Required |
|---|---|---|---|
riskID | String | Unique identifier for the risk | ✓ |
title | String | Name or title of the risk | ✓ |
description | String | Detailed explanation of the risk | ✓ |
riskCategory | Enum | Classification of risk type | |
orgUnitTitle | String | Organization unit responsible | ✓ |
orgUnitID | String | ID of the organization unit named in orgUnitTitle | |
orgUnitRoles | Array[String] | Roles managing this risk | |
riskSource | Enum | Origin of the risk | |
riskOwner | String | Individual responsible | |
riskProbability | Object | Likelihood of occurrence: level, numericValue, rationale, timeHorizon (free text, e.g. "12 months") | |
riskImpact | Object | Potential effect if realized: level, financialImpact, nonFinancialImpacts (impactType, description, severity), rationale | |
riskSeverity | Object | Combined probability and impact: level, score, calculationMethod | |
riskTolerance | Object | Acceptable level of this risk: toleranceLevel (zeroTolerance, low, moderate, high, caseByCase), thresholds (metricName, thresholdValue, responseRequired), rationale | |
riskStatus | Enum | Current status in lifecycle | |
mitigationStrategy | Object | Approach to risk reduction: approachType, description, expectedOutcome, implementationStatus | |
residualRisk | Object | Risk remaining after controls: level, acceptableLevel, description, additionalControls | |
controlEffectiveness | Object | Effectiveness of current controls: level, lastAssessment, improvementNeeds | |
reviewFrequency | Enum | How often risk is reassessed (shared frequency list) | |
lastReviewDate | Date | Date of last formal risk review | |
nextReviewDate | Date | Scheduled date for next review | |
regulatoryImplications | Array[Object] | Compliance aspects: regulationType, regulationName, implications, complianceStatus | |
strategicImplications | Object | Impact on strategic objectives: overallImpact (enabling, impeding, neutral, mixed), affectedObjectives (objectiveID, impactDescription, impactSeverity) | |
emergingFactors | Array[Object] | Developing influences: factorName, description, potentialImpact, timeHorizon, monitoringApproach | |
relatedRisks | Array[Object] | Relationships to other risks: riskID, relationshipType (parent, child, contributor, consequence, similar, opposing, compound, other), relationshipStrength (1-5), description | |
keyRiskIndicators | Array[Object] | Metrics for monitoring (see below) | |
dependencies | Array[Object] | Other domains, processes or systems related to this risk: dependencyType, domainType, entityID, description | |
crossDomainRelationships | Array[Object] | Directional relationships from this risk to entities in other domains: targetDomain, relationshipType and description (required), targetEntityID, metadata | |
documentationReferences | Array[Object] | References to detailed documentation: documentName, documentLocation, documentType (policy, procedure, assessment, report, plan, controlDescription, other), documentDate | |
assessments | Array[Object] | Risk assessments conducted (see below) | |
controls | Array[Object] | Risk controls implemented (see below) | |
responses | Array[Object] | Risk response actions (see below) | |
monitoring | Object | Risk monitoring activities (see below) |
Rating Scales
The risk profile's ratings use the shared lists in common.schema.json:
- Probability (
riskProbability.level) uses the five-point likelihood scale:veryLow,low,medium,high,veryHigh. - Impact (
riskImpact.level) uses the five-point impact magnitude:negligible,minor,moderate,major,severe. - Risk levels (
riskSeverity.level,residualRisk.level, and an assessment'sinherentRiskLevelandresidualRiskLevel) use the four-point risk level:low,medium,high,critical. A five-point "very high" maps tocriticaland "very low" tolow. - Non-financial impact severity uses
low,medium,high,critical; itsimpactTypeuses the risk category list plussafety. - Control effectiveness uses
notAssessed,ineffective,partiallyEffective,effective,highlyEffective. - Compliance status uses
compliant,partiallyCompliant,nonCompliant,underReview,exempt,notApplicable.
Enumeration Values
Risk Category (riskCategory)
The shared risk category list, plus project.
| Value | Description | Example |
|---|---|---|
strategic | Strategic direction risks | Market shifts, competition |
operational | Day-to-day operations risks | Process failures, capacity, model failures |
financial | Financial performance risks | Liquidity, credit |
market | Market movement risks | Price, demand, interest rate movements |
economic | Economic condition risks | Recession, inflation |
political | Political risks | Government change, sanctions |
compliance | Regulatory compliance risks | Violations, penalties |
legal | Legal and contractual risks | Litigation, contracts |
technology | Technical failure and obsolescence | System failures, legacy platforms |
security | Cybersecurity risks | Cyberattack, data breach |
privacy | Personal data risks | Misuse of personal data |
dataQuality | Data accuracy and completeness risks | Flawed reporting data |
supplyChain | Supply chain risks | Supplier failure, disruption |
people | Workforce, skills, capacity and labour risks | Talent, safety, culture |
reputational | Brand and reputation risks | Public trust, media |
relationship | Stakeholder and partner relationship risks | Partner disputes |
changeManagement | Risks from organizational change | Failed adoption |
environmental | Natural-environment and climate risks | Climate, sustainability |
external | Other outside events beyond the organization's control | Pandemics, natural disasters |
other | Any other risk | |
project | Project delivery risks | Schedule, scope, budget overruns |
Risk Source (riskSource)
| Value | Description | Example |
|---|---|---|
internal | Within organization | Process gaps, technology changes |
external | Outside organization, including vendors, partners and regulators | Market conditions, supplier failures, new requirements |
hybrid | Arising from both internal and external factors | Third-party integration weaknesses |
Risk Status (riskStatus)
| Value | Description |
|---|---|
identified | Risk identified, not assessed |
assessed | Assessment completed |
accepted | Risk accepted as-is |
mitigated | Controls in place and under monitoring |
transferred | Risk transferred (insurance) |
avoided | Activity discontinued |
realized | The risk event has occurred |
closed | Risk no longer applicable |
Risk Response Type (approachType)
mitigationStrategy.approachType. A response's responseStrategy uses the same values.
| Value | Description | Example |
|---|---|---|
accept | Accept risk within tolerance | Minor operational risks |
reduce | Implement controls to reduce | Process improvements |
transfer | Shift risk to third party | Insurance, outsourcing |
avoid | Discontinue risk-creating activity | Exit market |
exploit | Act to make a positive risk (opportunity) certain | Commit resources to a favourable opportunity |
share | Share risk with partners | Joint ventures |
enhance | Increase the likelihood or effect of a positive risk | Invest to accelerate an opportunity |
contingent | Prepare a response to trigger only if set conditions occur | Contingency plans, fallback arrangements |
Control Type (controlType)
| Value | Description | Example |
|---|---|---|
preventive | Prevent risk occurrence | Access controls |
detective | Detect risk occurrence | Monitoring, alerts |
corrective | Correct after occurrence | Incident response |
directive | Direct required behaviour | Policies, standards |
deterrent | Discourage undesirable actions | Warning notices, sanctions |
recovery | Restore operations after an event | Backups, disaster recovery |
compensating | Alternative control | Manual review |
other | Any other control type |
Control Category (controlCategory)
| Value | Description | Example |
|---|---|---|
administrative | Policy-based | Procedures, training |
technical | Technology-based | Encryption, firewalls |
physical | Physical security | Locks, badges |
operational | Process-based | Segregation of duties |
managerial | Management oversight | Risk committees, reviews |
procedural | Defined step-by-step procedures | Approval workflows |
contractual | Contract terms | Supplier SLAs, indemnities |
other | Any other category |
Risk Assessment Elements
Risk Assessment (assessments)
| Attribute | Type | Description | Required |
|---|---|---|---|
assessmentID | String | Unique identifier for the risk assessment | |
assessmentTitle | String | Name of assessment | |
assessmentMethod | Enum | Methodology: qualitative, semiQuantitative, quantitative, scenarioBased, workshop, expertJudgment, historicalAnalysis, modelBased, other | |
assessmentScope | Object | Boundaries of assessment: inScope, outOfScope, scopeRationale | |
assessmentContext | String | Business context | |
assessmentDate | Object | When conducted: startDate, completionDate, validityPeriod | |
assessmentParticipants | Array[Object] | People involved: participantName, participantRole, participationType | |
identifiedRisks | Array[Object] | Risks discovered: riskID, riskTitle, riskDescription, riskCauses, riskConsequences, inherentRiskLevel, residualRiskLevel | |
assessmentFindings | Array[Object] | Key outcomes: findingTitle, findingDescription, findingCategory, findingSeverity (low … critical, or informational) | |
assessmentRecommendations | Array[Object] | Suggested actions: recommendationTitle, recommendationDescription, recommendationPriority, timeframe |
Risk Control Elements
Risk Control (controls)
| Attribute | Type | Description | Required |
|---|---|---|---|
controlID | String | Unique identifier for the risk control | |
controlTitle | String | Name of control | |
controlType | Enum | Type of control | |
controlCategory | Enum | Functional category | |
controlMethod | Enum | Operation: automated, manual, hybrid, systemic, periodic, continuous, other | |
controlObjective | String | What control achieves | |
implementationStatus | Enum | Implementation state (shared implementation status list) | |
controlEffectiveness | Object | How well it works: designEffectiveness, operationalEffectiveness | |
controlTesting | Object | How and when the control is tested: testingMethod, testingFrequency, lastTestResult (passed, failed, passedWithExceptions, notTested) |
Risk Response Elements
Risk Response (responses)
| Attribute | Type | Description | Required |
|---|---|---|---|
responseID | String | Unique identifier for the risk response | |
responseTitle | String | Name of the risk response | |
responseStrategy | Enum | Approach to handling risk (same values as approachType) | |
responseDescription | String | Detailed explanation of response approach | |
responsePriority | Enum | Priority level (low, medium, high, critical) | |
responseStatus | Enum | Current status: notStarted, planning, inProgress, implemented, completed, canceled, deferred | |
responseTimeline | Object | Implementation schedule: startDate, targetEndDate, actualEndDate | |
responseSuccess | Object | Criteria for success: successCriteria (criterionName, targetValue, currentValue), overallSuccess |
Risk Monitoring Elements
Risk Monitoring (monitoring)
| Attribute | Type | Description | Required |
|---|---|---|---|
monitoringID | String | Unique identifier for the risk monitoring activity | |
monitoringTitle | String | Name of the risk monitoring activity | |
monitoringFrequency | Object | Frequency of monitoring: reviewCycle (shared frequency list plus biWeekly), justification | |
monitoringMethods | Array[Object] | Approaches used: methodName, automationLevel | |
earlyWarningSystem | Object | Early detection of risk changes: alertMechanisms, escalationPath | |
reportingStructure | Object | How results are reported: reportTypes (reportName, reportFrequency), dashboards (dashboardName, updateFrequency) |
Key Risk Indicator Elements
Key Risk Indicator (keyRiskIndicators)
| Attribute | Type | Description | Required |
|---|---|---|---|
indicatorName | String | Name of KRI | |
description | String | Indicator description | |
currentValue | String | Current measurement, as text (e.g. "12", "4.2%") | |
threshold | String | Alert threshold, as text | |
trend | Enum | Direction judged against the goal: improving, stable, declining, fluctuating, notTracked | |
monitoringFrequency | Enum | Measurement frequency (shared frequency list) |
A KRI's trend says whether the risk position is getting better or worse, not whether the number is rising: a falling remediation time is improving, a rising drift index is declining.
Domain Relationships
The Risk Management domain integrates with other metamodel domains:
| Target Domain | Relationship Type | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Strategy | Alignment | Risks aligned to strategic objectives |
| Capabilities | Exposure | Capabilities expose to risks |
| Policy | Governance | Policies govern risk management |
| Performance | Measurement | Risk KPIs tracked |
| Finance | Impact | Financial impact of risks |
| Technology | Exposure | Technology risks identified |
| Information | Protection | Information security risks |
| Initiatives | Response | Initiatives address risks |
| Organization | Ownership | Org units own risks |
| Compliance | Requirements | Compliance risks managed |
Examples
Example 1: Cybersecurity Risk Profile
{
"riskID": "RISK-CYBER-001",
"title": "Critical Data Breach Risk",
"description": "The risk of unauthorized access to or exfiltration of sensitive customer and financial data through external cyberattack or internal compromise, resulting in regulatory sanctions, financial loss, and reputational damage.",
"riskCategory": "technology",
"orgUnitTitle": "Information Security Department",
"orgUnitRoles": [
"Chief Information Security Officer",
"Security Operations Manager",
"Data Protection Officer"
],
"riskSource": "external",
"riskOwner": "Chief Information Security Officer",
"riskProbability": {
"level": "medium",
"numericValue": 0.35,
"rationale": "Based on threat intelligence showing increased targeting of our industry, balanced against our enhanced security controls",
"timeHorizon": "12 months"
},
"riskImpact": {
"level": "severe",
"financialImpact": "$5-15 million",
"nonFinancialImpacts": [
{
"impactType": "reputational",
"description": "Severe damage to brand trust and customer confidence",
"severity": "high"
},
{
"impactType": "compliance",
"description": "Substantial fines under data protection regulations",
"severity": "high"
},
{
"impactType": "operational",
"description": "Service disruption during incident response",
"severity": "medium"
}
],
"rationale": "Based on analysis of recent industry breaches and our specific data exposure"
},
"riskSeverity": {
"level": "high",
"score": 16,
"calculationMethod": "5x5 risk matrix combining probability and impact values"
},
"riskTolerance": {
"toleranceLevel": "low",
"thresholds": [
{
"metricName": "Security incidents involving PII",
"thresholdValue": "0",
"responseRequired": "Immediate executive notification and investigation"
},
{
"metricName": "Failed security tests",
"thresholdValue": ">5%",
"responseRequired": "Security remediation within 48 hours"
}
],
"rationale": "Given regulatory requirements and potential reputational impact"
},
"riskStatus": "mitigated",
"mitigationStrategy": {
"approachType": "reduce",
"description": "Comprehensive cybersecurity program including advanced threat protection, security monitoring, encryption, access controls, and security awareness training",
"expectedOutcome": "Reduce likelihood of successful breach while maintaining detection capabilities",
"implementationStatus": "implemented"
},
"residualRisk": {
"level": "medium",
"acceptableLevel": true,
"description": "Remaining risk primarily related to zero-day vulnerabilities and sophisticated threat actors",
"additionalControls": [
"Investigating additional advanced endpoint protection",
"Enhancing threat hunting capabilities"
]
},
"controlEffectiveness": {
"level": "effective",
"lastAssessment": "2025-03-15",
"improvementNeeds": [
"Strengthen third-party security assessment process",
"Enhance cloud security monitoring"
]
},
"reviewFrequency": "quarterly",
"lastReviewDate": "2025-04-01",
"nextReviewDate": "2025-07-01",
"regulatoryImplications": [
{
"regulationType": "Data Protection",
"regulationName": "GDPR",
"implications": "Breach notification requirements and potential fines up to 4% of global revenue",
"complianceStatus": "compliant"
},
{
"regulationType": "Financial",
"regulationName": "PCI-DSS",
"implications": "Requirements for securing payment card data",
"complianceStatus": "compliant"
}
],
"strategicImplications": {
"overallImpact": "mixed",
"affectedObjectives": [
{
"objectiveID": "STRAT-DIGITAL-003",
"impactDescription": "Risk considerations require adjustment to cloud migration timeline",
"impactSeverity": "moderate"
},
{
"objectiveID": "STRAT-CUSTOMER-002",
"impactDescription": "Enhanced security measures could create friction in customer experience",
"impactSeverity": "minor"
}
]
},
"emergingFactors": [
{
"factorName": "AI-Enhanced Cyber Threats",
"description": "Increasing sophistication of attacks using AI to evade detection",
"potentialImpact": "Could increase probability of successful breach",
"timeHorizon": "mediumTerm",
"monitoringApproach": "Threat intelligence subscription and quarterly assessment"
},
{
"factorName": "Extended Supply Chain Exposure",
"description": "Increasing integration with third-party systems expanding attack surface",
"potentialImpact": "New vectors for data compromise",
"timeHorizon": "immediate",
"monitoringApproach": "Third-party security assessment program"
}
],
"relatedRisks": [
{
"riskID": "RISK-TECH-005",
"relationshipType": "contributor",
"relationshipStrength": 4,
"description": "Legacy System Maintenance Risk contributes to cybersecurity vulnerabilities"
},
{
"riskID": "RISK-COMP-002",
"relationshipType": "consequence",
"relationshipStrength": 5,
"description": "Data breach would trigger Regulatory Compliance Risk"
}
],
"keyRiskIndicators": [
{
"indicatorName": "Security Incidents",
"description": "Number of security incidents detected per month",
"currentValue": "12",
"threshold": "25",
"trend": "stable",
"monitoringFrequency": "daily"
},
{
"indicatorName": "Vulnerability Remediation Time",
"description": "Average time to remediate critical vulnerabilities",
"currentValue": "1.8 days",
"threshold": "3 days",
"trend": "improving",
"monitoringFrequency": "weekly"
},
{
"indicatorName": "Phishing Simulation Success Rate",
"description": "Percentage of employees clicking on simulated phishing emails",
"currentValue": "4.2%",
"threshold": "5%",
"trend": "stable",
"monitoringFrequency": "monthly"
}
],
"dependencies": [
{
"dependencyType": "critical",
"domainType": "capability",
"entityID": "CAP-SECOPS-001",
"description": "Security Operations capability"
},
{
"dependencyType": "important",
"domainType": "information",
"entityID": "INFO-DATA-003",
"description": "Customer Data Security Classification Framework"
}
],
"documentationReferences": [
{
"documentName": "Information Security Policy",
"documentLocation": "Policy repository (IS-POL-001)",
"documentType": "policy",
"documentDate": "2024-12-15"
},
{
"documentName": "Annual Cybersecurity Risk Assessment",
"documentLocation": "Risk repository (RISK-RPT-2025-01)",
"documentType": "assessment",
"documentDate": "2025-02-28"
}
]
}
Example 2: Data Quality Risk
{
"riskID": "RISK-DATA-001",
"title": "Data Quality Degradation Risk",
"description": "Risk of inaccurate or incomplete data affecting business decisions and regulatory reporting",
"riskCategory": "operational",
"orgUnitTitle": "Data Governance Office",
"riskOwner": "Chief Data Officer",
"riskSource": "internal",
"riskProbability": {
"level": "medium",
"numericValue": 0.4
},
"riskImpact": {
"level": "major",
"financialImpact": "$2-5 million annually",
"nonFinancialImpacts": [
{
"impactType": "operational",
"description": "Poor business decisions based on flawed data",
"severity": "high"
},
{
"impactType": "compliance",
"description": "Inaccurate regulatory reporting",
"severity": "medium"
}
]
},
"riskStatus": "mitigated",
"mitigationStrategy": {
"approachType": "reduce",
"description": "Data quality program with automated validation, monitoring, and remediation workflows"
},
"keyRiskIndicators": [
{
"indicatorName": "Data Quality Score",
"description": "Overall data quality across critical data elements",
"currentValue": "94.5",
"threshold": "90",
"trend": "improving"
},
{
"indicatorName": "Failed Data Quality Rules",
"description": "Number of data quality rule failures per day",
"currentValue": "45",
"threshold": "100",
"trend": "stable"
}
]
}
Example 3: Model Risk (MRM)
The risk profile for a model. Model risk is categorised as operational; the model itself is described by a Model Risk Management record.
{
"riskID": "RISK-MODEL-001",
"title": "Credit Scoring Model Risk",
"description": "Risk of model degradation or bias in credit scoring model affecting lending decisions",
"riskCategory": "operational",
"orgUnitTitle": "Model Risk Management",
"riskOwner": "Chief Risk Officer",
"riskSource": "internal",
"riskStatus": "mitigated",
"mitigationStrategy": {
"approachType": "reduce",
"description": "Regular model validation, performance monitoring, and drift detection"
},
"regulatoryImplications": [
{
"regulationType": "Supervisory Guidance",
"regulationName": "SR 11-7",
"implications": "Model validation and governance requirements",
"complianceStatus": "compliant"
}
],
"keyRiskIndicators": [
{
"indicatorName": "Model Performance (Gini)",
"description": "Gini coefficient for model discrimination",
"currentValue": "0.72",
"threshold": "0.65",
"trend": "stable"
},
{
"indicatorName": "Population Stability Index",
"description": "PSI measuring data drift",
"currentValue": "0.08",
"threshold": "0.1",
"trend": "declining"
}
]
}
Implementation Guidelines
Risk Management Best Practices
- Establish governance — Define clear risk ownership and accountability
- Use consistent methodology — Apply standardized assessment approaches
- Prioritize effectively — Focus resources on highest-impact risks
- Test controls — Regularly validate control effectiveness
- Monitor continuously — Track KRIs and emerging risks
Risk Assessment Matrix
Control Framework
| Control Layer | Purpose | Examples |
|---|---|---|
| Preventive | Stop risk occurrence | Access controls, encryption |
| Detective | Identify occurrences | Monitoring, alerts, audits |
| Corrective | Fix after occurrence | Incident response, recovery |
| Compensating | Alternative protection | Manual reviews, oversight |
OpenMetadata Integration
When integrating with OpenMetadata, map Risk entities as follows:
| Triodian Element | OpenMetadata Entity | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| Risk Profile | Tag/Classification | Risk tagging |
| Risk Control | Test Definition | Data quality tests |
| Key Risk Indicator | Test Result | Quality metrics |
| Risk Assessment | Test Suite | Assessment suites |
| Control Effectiveness | Test Status | Pass/fail tracking |
# Example: Map Risk Control to OpenMetadata Test
def create_risk_control_test(control):
"""
Map Triodian Risk Control to OpenMetadata Test Definition
"""
return {
"name": control["controlID"].lower(),
"displayName": control["controlTitle"],
"description": control.get("controlObjective", ""),
"testDefinitionType": "dataQuality",
"testPlatforms": ["OpenMetadata"],
"parameterDefinition": [
{
"name": "threshold",
"displayName": "Threshold",
"dataType": "NUMBER",
"required": True
}
],
"tags": [
{"tagFQN": f"ControlType.{control['controlType']}"},
{"tagFQN": f"ControlCategory.{control['controlCategory']}"}
]
}
Schema Reference
- Repository:
Triodian/Triodian_Metamodel - Schema: risk-management.schema.json
- Specification: JSON Schema Draft-07
- License: Apache License 2.0
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