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Risk Management Domain

The Risk Management domain represents the structured approach to identifying, assessing, mitigating, monitoring, and responding to risks across the organization. It provides a comprehensive framework for modeling risk profiles, assessment methodologies, control mechanisms, and response strategies.

Schema: risk-management.schema.json
Specification: JSON Schema Draft-07

Overview​

What is the Risk Management Domain?​

The Risk Management domain captures the uncertainty dimensions that affect organizational activities, enabling risk-centric analysis that drives strategic planning, operational resilience, and compliance management. The domain covers:

  • Risk Profiles — Comprehensive views of specific risks
  • Risk Assessments — Structured evaluation methodologies
  • Risk Controls — Mechanisms to modify risk
  • Risk Responses — Approaches to addressing risks
  • Risk Monitoring — Ongoing observation and evaluation

This domain extends the Triodian Metamodel by providing deeper insights into risk factors, control effectiveness, and mitigation approaches.

Model Risk Management (MRM) Sub-domain​

The Risk domain includes a Model Risk Management (MRM) sub-domain providing structured coverage of risks associated with model use in decision-making and regulatory reporting. MRM introduces elements for:

  • Model governance and validation
  • Performance monitoring and drift detection
  • Regulatory framework mapping (SR 11-7, Basel, IFRS 9, CCAR)

Model records (profile, governance, validation, monitoring and regulatory framework mapping) follow their own schema, model-risk-management.schema.json, and are identified by modelID. A risk profile for model risk uses this domain's schema; the risk category list has no separate model value, so model risk is recorded as operational.

Purpose and Value​

The Risk Management domain enables architects and planners to:

  • Identify and categorize risks — Systematically capture risks impacting objectives
  • Assess and prioritize — Evaluate risks based on likelihood and impact
  • Implement controls — Develop appropriate mitigation strategies
  • Monitor effectiveness — Track risk indicators and control performance
  • Support decisions — Enable data-driven risk acceptance or reduction
  • Drive resilience — Improve visibility into risk interdependencies
For Data Engineers

The Risk Management domain maps directly to data quality and governance:

  • Risk Profile → Data quality risk /Security risk
  • Risk Assessment → Data quality assessment
  • Risk Control → Data quality rule /Validation check
  • Risk Response → Remediation workflow
  • Key Risk Indicator → Data quality metric /Alert threshold

Core Components​

The Risk Management domain uses a comprehensive risk lifecycle:

  1. Risk Identification: Discovery and categorization
  2. Risk Assessment: Analysis of probability and impact
  3. Risk Response: Mitigation strategies and controls
  4. Risk Monitoring: Ongoing tracking and reporting

Domain Attributes​

Risk Profile Attributes​

AttributeTypeDescriptionRequired
riskIDStringUnique identifier for the risk✓
titleStringName or title of the risk✓
descriptionStringDetailed explanation of the risk✓
riskCategoryEnumClassification of risk type
orgUnitTitleStringOrganization unit responsible✓
orgUnitIDStringID of the organization unit named in orgUnitTitle
orgUnitRolesArray[String]Roles managing this risk
riskSourceEnumOrigin of the risk
riskOwnerStringIndividual responsible
riskProbabilityObjectLikelihood of occurrence: level, numericValue, rationale, timeHorizon (free text, e.g. "12 months")
riskImpactObjectPotential effect if realized: level, financialImpact, nonFinancialImpacts (impactType, description, severity), rationale
riskSeverityObjectCombined probability and impact: level, score, calculationMethod
riskToleranceObjectAcceptable level of this risk: toleranceLevel (zeroTolerance, low, moderate, high, caseByCase), thresholds (metricName, thresholdValue, responseRequired), rationale
riskStatusEnumCurrent status in lifecycle
mitigationStrategyObjectApproach to risk reduction: approachType, description, expectedOutcome, implementationStatus
residualRiskObjectRisk remaining after controls: level, acceptableLevel, description, additionalControls
controlEffectivenessObjectEffectiveness of current controls: level, lastAssessment, improvementNeeds
reviewFrequencyEnumHow often risk is reassessed (shared frequency list)
lastReviewDateDateDate of last formal risk review
nextReviewDateDateScheduled date for next review
regulatoryImplicationsArray[Object]Compliance aspects: regulationType, regulationName, implications, complianceStatus
strategicImplicationsObjectImpact on strategic objectives: overallImpact (enabling, impeding, neutral, mixed), affectedObjectives (objectiveID, impactDescription, impactSeverity)
emergingFactorsArray[Object]Developing influences: factorName, description, potentialImpact, timeHorizon, monitoringApproach
relatedRisksArray[Object]Relationships to other risks: riskID, relationshipType (parent, child, contributor, consequence, similar, opposing, compound, other), relationshipStrength (1-5), description
keyRiskIndicatorsArray[Object]Metrics for monitoring (see below)
dependenciesArray[Object]Other domains, processes or systems related to this risk: dependencyType, domainType, entityID, description
crossDomainRelationshipsArray[Object]Directional relationships from this risk to entities in other domains: targetDomain, relationshipType and description (required), targetEntityID, metadata
documentationReferencesArray[Object]References to detailed documentation: documentName, documentLocation, documentType (policy, procedure, assessment, report, plan, controlDescription, other), documentDate
assessmentsArray[Object]Risk assessments conducted (see below)
controlsArray[Object]Risk controls implemented (see below)
responsesArray[Object]Risk response actions (see below)
monitoringObjectRisk monitoring activities (see below)

Rating Scales​

The risk profile's ratings use the shared lists in common.schema.json:

  • Probability (riskProbability.level) uses the five-point likelihood scale: veryLow, low, medium, high, veryHigh.
  • Impact (riskImpact.level) uses the five-point impact magnitude: negligible, minor, moderate, major, severe.
  • Risk levels (riskSeverity.level, residualRisk.level, and an assessment's inherentRiskLevel and residualRiskLevel) use the four-point risk level: low, medium, high, critical. A five-point "very high" maps to critical and "very low" to low.
  • Non-financial impact severity uses low, medium, high, critical; its impactType uses the risk category list plus safety.
  • Control effectiveness uses notAssessed, ineffective, partiallyEffective, effective, highlyEffective.
  • Compliance status uses compliant, partiallyCompliant, nonCompliant, underReview, exempt, notApplicable.

Enumeration Values​

Risk Category (riskCategory)​

The shared risk category list, plus project.

ValueDescriptionExample
strategicStrategic direction risksMarket shifts, competition
operationalDay-to-day operations risksProcess failures, capacity, model failures
financialFinancial performance risksLiquidity, credit
marketMarket movement risksPrice, demand, interest rate movements
economicEconomic condition risksRecession, inflation
politicalPolitical risksGovernment change, sanctions
complianceRegulatory compliance risksViolations, penalties
legalLegal and contractual risksLitigation, contracts
technologyTechnical failure and obsolescenceSystem failures, legacy platforms
securityCybersecurity risksCyberattack, data breach
privacyPersonal data risksMisuse of personal data
dataQualityData accuracy and completeness risksFlawed reporting data
supplyChainSupply chain risksSupplier failure, disruption
peopleWorkforce, skills, capacity and labour risksTalent, safety, culture
reputationalBrand and reputation risksPublic trust, media
relationshipStakeholder and partner relationship risksPartner disputes
changeManagementRisks from organizational changeFailed adoption
environmentalNatural-environment and climate risksClimate, sustainability
externalOther outside events beyond the organization's controlPandemics, natural disasters
otherAny other risk
projectProject delivery risksSchedule, scope, budget overruns

Risk Source (riskSource)​

ValueDescriptionExample
internalWithin organizationProcess gaps, technology changes
externalOutside organization, including vendors, partners and regulatorsMarket conditions, supplier failures, new requirements
hybridArising from both internal and external factorsThird-party integration weaknesses

Risk Status (riskStatus)​

ValueDescription
identifiedRisk identified, not assessed
assessedAssessment completed
acceptedRisk accepted as-is
mitigatedControls in place and under monitoring
transferredRisk transferred (insurance)
avoidedActivity discontinued
realizedThe risk event has occurred
closedRisk no longer applicable

Risk Response Type (approachType)​

mitigationStrategy.approachType. A response's responseStrategy uses the same values.

ValueDescriptionExample
acceptAccept risk within toleranceMinor operational risks
reduceImplement controls to reduceProcess improvements
transferShift risk to third partyInsurance, outsourcing
avoidDiscontinue risk-creating activityExit market
exploitAct to make a positive risk (opportunity) certainCommit resources to a favourable opportunity
shareShare risk with partnersJoint ventures
enhanceIncrease the likelihood or effect of a positive riskInvest to accelerate an opportunity
contingentPrepare a response to trigger only if set conditions occurContingency plans, fallback arrangements

Control Type (controlType)​

ValueDescriptionExample
preventivePrevent risk occurrenceAccess controls
detectiveDetect risk occurrenceMonitoring, alerts
correctiveCorrect after occurrenceIncident response
directiveDirect required behaviourPolicies, standards
deterrentDiscourage undesirable actionsWarning notices, sanctions
recoveryRestore operations after an eventBackups, disaster recovery
compensatingAlternative controlManual review
otherAny other control type

Control Category (controlCategory)​

ValueDescriptionExample
administrativePolicy-basedProcedures, training
technicalTechnology-basedEncryption, firewalls
physicalPhysical securityLocks, badges
operationalProcess-basedSegregation of duties
managerialManagement oversightRisk committees, reviews
proceduralDefined step-by-step proceduresApproval workflows
contractualContract termsSupplier SLAs, indemnities
otherAny other category

Risk Assessment Elements​

Risk Assessment (assessments)​

AttributeTypeDescriptionRequired
assessmentIDStringUnique identifier for the risk assessment
assessmentTitleStringName of assessment
assessmentMethodEnumMethodology: qualitative, semiQuantitative, quantitative, scenarioBased, workshop, expertJudgment, historicalAnalysis, modelBased, other
assessmentScopeObjectBoundaries of assessment: inScope, outOfScope, scopeRationale
assessmentContextStringBusiness context
assessmentDateObjectWhen conducted: startDate, completionDate, validityPeriod
assessmentParticipantsArray[Object]People involved: participantName, participantRole, participationType
identifiedRisksArray[Object]Risks discovered: riskID, riskTitle, riskDescription, riskCauses, riskConsequences, inherentRiskLevel, residualRiskLevel
assessmentFindingsArray[Object]Key outcomes: findingTitle, findingDescription, findingCategory, findingSeverity (low … critical, or informational)
assessmentRecommendationsArray[Object]Suggested actions: recommendationTitle, recommendationDescription, recommendationPriority, timeframe

Risk Control Elements​

Risk Control (controls)​

AttributeTypeDescriptionRequired
controlIDStringUnique identifier for the risk control
controlTitleStringName of control
controlTypeEnumType of control
controlCategoryEnumFunctional category
controlMethodEnumOperation: automated, manual, hybrid, systemic, periodic, continuous, other
controlObjectiveStringWhat control achieves
implementationStatusEnumImplementation state (shared implementation status list)
controlEffectivenessObjectHow well it works: designEffectiveness, operationalEffectiveness
controlTestingObjectHow and when the control is tested: testingMethod, testingFrequency, lastTestResult (passed, failed, passedWithExceptions, notTested)

Risk Response Elements​

Risk Response (responses)​

AttributeTypeDescriptionRequired
responseIDStringUnique identifier for the risk response
responseTitleStringName of the risk response
responseStrategyEnumApproach to handling risk (same values as approachType)
responseDescriptionStringDetailed explanation of response approach
responsePriorityEnumPriority level (low, medium, high, critical)
responseStatusEnumCurrent status: notStarted, planning, inProgress, implemented, completed, canceled, deferred
responseTimelineObjectImplementation schedule: startDate, targetEndDate, actualEndDate
responseSuccessObjectCriteria for success: successCriteria (criterionName, targetValue, currentValue), overallSuccess

Risk Monitoring Elements​

Risk Monitoring (monitoring)​

AttributeTypeDescriptionRequired
monitoringIDStringUnique identifier for the risk monitoring activity
monitoringTitleStringName of the risk monitoring activity
monitoringFrequencyObjectFrequency of monitoring: reviewCycle (shared frequency list plus biWeekly), justification
monitoringMethodsArray[Object]Approaches used: methodName, automationLevel
earlyWarningSystemObjectEarly detection of risk changes: alertMechanisms, escalationPath
reportingStructureObjectHow results are reported: reportTypes (reportName, reportFrequency), dashboards (dashboardName, updateFrequency)

Key Risk Indicator Elements​

Key Risk Indicator (keyRiskIndicators)​

AttributeTypeDescriptionRequired
indicatorNameStringName of KRI
descriptionStringIndicator description
currentValueStringCurrent measurement, as text (e.g. "12", "4.2%")
thresholdStringAlert threshold, as text
trendEnumDirection judged against the goal: improving, stable, declining, fluctuating, notTracked
monitoringFrequencyEnumMeasurement frequency (shared frequency list)

A KRI's trend says whether the risk position is getting better or worse, not whether the number is rising: a falling remediation time is improving, a rising drift index is declining.

Domain Relationships​

The Risk Management domain integrates with other metamodel domains:

Target DomainRelationship TypeDescription
StrategyAlignmentRisks aligned to strategic objectives
CapabilitiesExposureCapabilities expose to risks
PolicyGovernancePolicies govern risk management
PerformanceMeasurementRisk KPIs tracked
FinanceImpactFinancial impact of risks
TechnologyExposureTechnology risks identified
InformationProtectionInformation security risks
InitiativesResponseInitiatives address risks
OrganizationOwnershipOrg units own risks
ComplianceRequirementsCompliance risks managed

Examples​

Example 1: Cybersecurity Risk Profile​

{
"riskID": "RISK-CYBER-001",
"title": "Critical Data Breach Risk",
"description": "The risk of unauthorized access to or exfiltration of sensitive customer and financial data through external cyberattack or internal compromise, resulting in regulatory sanctions, financial loss, and reputational damage.",
"riskCategory": "technology",
"orgUnitTitle": "Information Security Department",
"orgUnitRoles": [
"Chief Information Security Officer",
"Security Operations Manager",
"Data Protection Officer"
],
"riskSource": "external",
"riskOwner": "Chief Information Security Officer",
"riskProbability": {
"level": "medium",
"numericValue": 0.35,
"rationale": "Based on threat intelligence showing increased targeting of our industry, balanced against our enhanced security controls",
"timeHorizon": "12 months"
},
"riskImpact": {
"level": "severe",
"financialImpact": "$5-15 million",
"nonFinancialImpacts": [
{
"impactType": "reputational",
"description": "Severe damage to brand trust and customer confidence",
"severity": "high"
},
{
"impactType": "compliance",
"description": "Substantial fines under data protection regulations",
"severity": "high"
},
{
"impactType": "operational",
"description": "Service disruption during incident response",
"severity": "medium"
}
],
"rationale": "Based on analysis of recent industry breaches and our specific data exposure"
},
"riskSeverity": {
"level": "high",
"score": 16,
"calculationMethod": "5x5 risk matrix combining probability and impact values"
},
"riskTolerance": {
"toleranceLevel": "low",
"thresholds": [
{
"metricName": "Security incidents involving PII",
"thresholdValue": "0",
"responseRequired": "Immediate executive notification and investigation"
},
{
"metricName": "Failed security tests",
"thresholdValue": ">5%",
"responseRequired": "Security remediation within 48 hours"
}
],
"rationale": "Given regulatory requirements and potential reputational impact"
},
"riskStatus": "mitigated",
"mitigationStrategy": {
"approachType": "reduce",
"description": "Comprehensive cybersecurity program including advanced threat protection, security monitoring, encryption, access controls, and security awareness training",
"expectedOutcome": "Reduce likelihood of successful breach while maintaining detection capabilities",
"implementationStatus": "implemented"
},
"residualRisk": {
"level": "medium",
"acceptableLevel": true,
"description": "Remaining risk primarily related to zero-day vulnerabilities and sophisticated threat actors",
"additionalControls": [
"Investigating additional advanced endpoint protection",
"Enhancing threat hunting capabilities"
]
},
"controlEffectiveness": {
"level": "effective",
"lastAssessment": "2025-03-15",
"improvementNeeds": [
"Strengthen third-party security assessment process",
"Enhance cloud security monitoring"
]
},
"reviewFrequency": "quarterly",
"lastReviewDate": "2025-04-01",
"nextReviewDate": "2025-07-01",
"regulatoryImplications": [
{
"regulationType": "Data Protection",
"regulationName": "GDPR",
"implications": "Breach notification requirements and potential fines up to 4% of global revenue",
"complianceStatus": "compliant"
},
{
"regulationType": "Financial",
"regulationName": "PCI-DSS",
"implications": "Requirements for securing payment card data",
"complianceStatus": "compliant"
}
],
"strategicImplications": {
"overallImpact": "mixed",
"affectedObjectives": [
{
"objectiveID": "STRAT-DIGITAL-003",
"impactDescription": "Risk considerations require adjustment to cloud migration timeline",
"impactSeverity": "moderate"
},
{
"objectiveID": "STRAT-CUSTOMER-002",
"impactDescription": "Enhanced security measures could create friction in customer experience",
"impactSeverity": "minor"
}
]
},
"emergingFactors": [
{
"factorName": "AI-Enhanced Cyber Threats",
"description": "Increasing sophistication of attacks using AI to evade detection",
"potentialImpact": "Could increase probability of successful breach",
"timeHorizon": "mediumTerm",
"monitoringApproach": "Threat intelligence subscription and quarterly assessment"
},
{
"factorName": "Extended Supply Chain Exposure",
"description": "Increasing integration with third-party systems expanding attack surface",
"potentialImpact": "New vectors for data compromise",
"timeHorizon": "immediate",
"monitoringApproach": "Third-party security assessment program"
}
],
"relatedRisks": [
{
"riskID": "RISK-TECH-005",
"relationshipType": "contributor",
"relationshipStrength": 4,
"description": "Legacy System Maintenance Risk contributes to cybersecurity vulnerabilities"
},
{
"riskID": "RISK-COMP-002",
"relationshipType": "consequence",
"relationshipStrength": 5,
"description": "Data breach would trigger Regulatory Compliance Risk"
}
],
"keyRiskIndicators": [
{
"indicatorName": "Security Incidents",
"description": "Number of security incidents detected per month",
"currentValue": "12",
"threshold": "25",
"trend": "stable",
"monitoringFrequency": "daily"
},
{
"indicatorName": "Vulnerability Remediation Time",
"description": "Average time to remediate critical vulnerabilities",
"currentValue": "1.8 days",
"threshold": "3 days",
"trend": "improving",
"monitoringFrequency": "weekly"
},
{
"indicatorName": "Phishing Simulation Success Rate",
"description": "Percentage of employees clicking on simulated phishing emails",
"currentValue": "4.2%",
"threshold": "5%",
"trend": "stable",
"monitoringFrequency": "monthly"
}
],
"dependencies": [
{
"dependencyType": "critical",
"domainType": "capability",
"entityID": "CAP-SECOPS-001",
"description": "Security Operations capability"
},
{
"dependencyType": "important",
"domainType": "information",
"entityID": "INFO-DATA-003",
"description": "Customer Data Security Classification Framework"
}
],
"documentationReferences": [
{
"documentName": "Information Security Policy",
"documentLocation": "Policy repository (IS-POL-001)",
"documentType": "policy",
"documentDate": "2024-12-15"
},
{
"documentName": "Annual Cybersecurity Risk Assessment",
"documentLocation": "Risk repository (RISK-RPT-2025-01)",
"documentType": "assessment",
"documentDate": "2025-02-28"
}
]
}

Example 2: Data Quality Risk​

{
"riskID": "RISK-DATA-001",
"title": "Data Quality Degradation Risk",
"description": "Risk of inaccurate or incomplete data affecting business decisions and regulatory reporting",
"riskCategory": "operational",
"orgUnitTitle": "Data Governance Office",
"riskOwner": "Chief Data Officer",
"riskSource": "internal",
"riskProbability": {
"level": "medium",
"numericValue": 0.4
},
"riskImpact": {
"level": "major",
"financialImpact": "$2-5 million annually",
"nonFinancialImpacts": [
{
"impactType": "operational",
"description": "Poor business decisions based on flawed data",
"severity": "high"
},
{
"impactType": "compliance",
"description": "Inaccurate regulatory reporting",
"severity": "medium"
}
]
},
"riskStatus": "mitigated",
"mitigationStrategy": {
"approachType": "reduce",
"description": "Data quality program with automated validation, monitoring, and remediation workflows"
},
"keyRiskIndicators": [
{
"indicatorName": "Data Quality Score",
"description": "Overall data quality across critical data elements",
"currentValue": "94.5",
"threshold": "90",
"trend": "improving"
},
{
"indicatorName": "Failed Data Quality Rules",
"description": "Number of data quality rule failures per day",
"currentValue": "45",
"threshold": "100",
"trend": "stable"
}
]
}

Example 3: Model Risk (MRM)​

The risk profile for a model. Model risk is categorised as operational; the model itself is described by a Model Risk Management record.

{
"riskID": "RISK-MODEL-001",
"title": "Credit Scoring Model Risk",
"description": "Risk of model degradation or bias in credit scoring model affecting lending decisions",
"riskCategory": "operational",
"orgUnitTitle": "Model Risk Management",
"riskOwner": "Chief Risk Officer",
"riskSource": "internal",
"riskStatus": "mitigated",
"mitigationStrategy": {
"approachType": "reduce",
"description": "Regular model validation, performance monitoring, and drift detection"
},
"regulatoryImplications": [
{
"regulationType": "Supervisory Guidance",
"regulationName": "SR 11-7",
"implications": "Model validation and governance requirements",
"complianceStatus": "compliant"
}
],
"keyRiskIndicators": [
{
"indicatorName": "Model Performance (Gini)",
"description": "Gini coefficient for model discrimination",
"currentValue": "0.72",
"threshold": "0.65",
"trend": "stable"
},
{
"indicatorName": "Population Stability Index",
"description": "PSI measuring data drift",
"currentValue": "0.08",
"threshold": "0.1",
"trend": "declining"
}
]
}

Implementation Guidelines​

Risk Management Best Practices​

  1. Establish governance — Define clear risk ownership and accountability
  2. Use consistent methodology — Apply standardized assessment approaches
  3. Prioritize effectively — Focus resources on highest-impact risks
  4. Test controls — Regularly validate control effectiveness
  5. Monitor continuously — Track KRIs and emerging risks

Risk Assessment Matrix​

Control Framework​

Control LayerPurposeExamples
PreventiveStop risk occurrenceAccess controls, encryption
DetectiveIdentify occurrencesMonitoring, alerts, audits
CorrectiveFix after occurrenceIncident response, recovery
CompensatingAlternative protectionManual reviews, oversight

OpenMetadata Integration​

For Data Platform Teams

When integrating with OpenMetadata, map Risk entities as follows:

Triodian ElementOpenMetadata EntityNotes
Risk ProfileTag/ClassificationRisk tagging
Risk ControlTest DefinitionData quality tests
Key Risk IndicatorTest ResultQuality metrics
Risk AssessmentTest SuiteAssessment suites
Control EffectivenessTest StatusPass/fail tracking
# Example: Map Risk Control to OpenMetadata Test
def create_risk_control_test(control):
"""
Map Triodian Risk Control to OpenMetadata Test Definition
"""
return {
"name": control["controlID"].lower(),
"displayName": control["controlTitle"],
"description": control.get("controlObjective", ""),
"testDefinitionType": "dataQuality",
"testPlatforms": ["OpenMetadata"],
"parameterDefinition": [
{
"name": "threshold",
"displayName": "Threshold",
"dataType": "NUMBER",
"required": True
}
],
"tags": [
{"tagFQN": f"ControlType.{control['controlType']}"},
{"tagFQN": f"ControlCategory.{control['controlCategory']}"}
]
}

Schema Reference​


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